Why Martin Heidegger ascribes to Jews the "forgetfulness" of Being? What then is the relationship between the Being and the Jew? In what sense is attributed to the Jews the greater guilt, on which depends the fate of the West? And why this charge is moved in the Thirties, after the Nuremberg Laws (1935), while the planetary war that should lead the National Socialist Germany to world domination is starting? The Heidegger's "Black Notebooks", that only now have been published in Germany, as well as open up a new perspective on the thought of the philosopher, are attracting a new, intense debate. The metaphysical anti-Semitism that can be read there raises disturbing and serious questions about the responsibility of philosophy in the extermination.